In the past, product characterization was simple and standardized. Developers of small molecule pharmaceuticals performed a battery of tests around Phase II or III clinical trials, fulfilled the ...

HVAC product selection is not as easy as it sometimes seems. For sure, the key part of engineering is the KIS principle (Keep It Simple). However, the KID principle (Keep It Defendable) is even more ...

Operator theory is a cornerstone of functional analysis concerned with the study of linear mappings on infinite-dimensional spaces. It encompasses bounded and unbounded operators, spectral theory, ...

Systems comprised of electrical and/or electronic elements have been used for many years to perform safety functions in most application sectors. Computer-based systems (i.e., programmable electronic ...